Which common medications are linked to nephrotoxicity?

The link between nephrotoxicity and certain medications is significant in the context of patient safety and pharmacology. The correct answer highlights that Celecoxib, which is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), carries a risk of nephrotoxicity. NSAIDs can interfere with the blood flow to the kidneys, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney conditions, dehydration, or when combined with other medications that affect kidney function. This can lead to acute kidney injury or exacerbate chronic kidney disease.

On the other hand, Acetaminophen is primarily metabolized by the liver, and while high doses can cause liver toxicity, it is not commonly linked to kidney damage in typical therapeutic ranges. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is often protective of kidney function, especially in patients with diabetes or hypertension. Penicillin does have some nephrotoxic potential, particularly in patients with preexisting renal impairment or when used in very high doses, but it is not as commonly associated with kidney damage as NSAIDs are. Thus, the correct choice emphasizes the specific risks associated with the use of Celecoxib in relation to kidney health.